Easy Pond and Water Garden Construction 易池塘和水园建设

Todays successful water garden usually is designed as an ecosystem that uses a balance between fish, plants and bacteria keeping the water clear.今天的成功，水园，通常是设计成一个生态系统，利用两者之间取得平衡鱼类，植物和细菌，保持水分清楚。 The type of pond Im talking about is self-contained (not fed by a spring or stream) and between 100-900 sq ft; a backyard water garden that is easy to maintain and adds value to your lifestyle and property.该类型的池塘即时通讯谈论的，是自足的（不是美联储由弹簧或流）之间100-900平方英尺;后院水园，易于维护和增值你的生活方式和财产。 20 years ago the typical do-it-yourself water garden was a muck-filled cesspool waiting to happen, while the successful koi pond required deep water and unattractive out of the pond filtering equipment. 20年前，典型的自己动手做水园是一个穆克填粪坑等待发生的，而成功koi池塘要求水深和吸引力出池塘过滤设备。 Thanks to a better understanding of经过更深入的了解 the pond ecosystem and some equipment ideas borrowed from the pool equipment industry, anyone with the ability to dig, make things level, and move rocks and dirt around can create a beautiful living water garden if they use proven equipment and methods.池塘生态系统及一些设备的想法借来的，从泳池设备业，稍有能力挖，使事情水平，并提出岩石和泥土，约可创造一个美好的生活用水花园，如果他们使用证明，设备和方法。

Now I will admit that there are other ways that can work; But none of the other pond construction methods have the successful track record Ive seen with pond installs using this system.现在我承认，有其他方法可以工作，但没有任何其他水池施工方法已成功地记录香港专业教育学院看到池塘安装使用这一系统。

The basic elements for this system are underlayment, liner, rocks and gravel, skimmer, fill valve, pump, plumbing, biological filtration, plants, fish, and bacteria.基本要素，为这一制度的underlayment ，衬垫，岩石和砾石， skimmer ，填补阀门，水泵，水管，生物过滤，植物，鱼类和细菌。

Heres a simplified explanation of how this works as an ecosystem. heres一种简化的解释如何，这工程作为一项生态系统。 Fish eat insects and plants and then the fish waste spreads through the system .吃鱼类，昆虫和植物，然后在鱼废弃物利差通过该系统。 The skimmer draws water off the top layer of the pond helping with circulation and aeration while trapping floating debris in a net.该skimmer提请水小康顶层的池塘，帮助血液循环及通气性，而诱捕漂浮物净。 The pump is situated under the net in the skimmer and pumps up to a bio-filter.该泵是位于下网，在skimmer和水泵迈上了一个生物滤池。 The bio-filter is often designed to be incorporated into a waterfall.生物过滤器的初衷往往是为了纳入一处瀑布。 The water enters the bio filter and rises up through filter media that is colonized by bacteria.水进入生物滤池，并与起来，通过过滤介质是殖民地人民的细菌。 The bacteria converts the waste into forms less harmful to the fish and less conducive to excessive algae growth.细菌转化废物转化形式较少有害于鱼类和较不利于藻类过度生长。 The waterfall or stream add more aeration that the bacteria and fish need.瀑布或溪流增添更多曝气认为，细菌和鱼类的需要。 The plants uptake more of the nitrogen and some oxygenate the water.植物吸收更多的氮和一些含氧水。 The rocks and gravel provide more area for bacteria and protect the liner from UV rays.岩石和砾石提供更多的面积为细菌和保护班轮从紫外线。

Sheesh! sheesh ！ Every time I set out to give a simple explanation of a pond ecosystem it still takes 10 sentences.每一次我列出来举一个简单的解释，一个池塘生态系统中，仍然需要10个句子。 Suffice it to say that all the parts work together to make your pondkeeping easy!就够了，它说，所有部件的工作，共同努力，使你的pondkeeping容易！

I use the word easy as a relative term.我用这个词容易，作为一个相对的说法。 Compared to the work and rebuilding you may experience with other methods this is the easiest way I know.相比，这项工作，并重建你可以体验与其他方法，这是最简单的方法，我知道。 But there is still a good deal of work in pond construction.但仍然有一个很好的协议，工作在池塘建设。 Obviously you need to dig and shape a hole in the ground and move some heavy items around.很显然，你需要挖掘，并形成一个孔，在地面和提出了一些沉重的物品周围。 A well trained crew with everything needed on-site can install a pond in a day.训练有素的船员，凡事需要对现场可以安装一个池塘一两天。 It may take a few weekends for a homeowner to do the job himself, depending on their ability, time, and conditions.它可能要花上几个周末为房主做工作，自己的，这取决于它们是否有能力，时间和条件。

Some key points:一些要点：

Size: Its best to have it at least 6 ft across.大小：最好将它至少6英尺跨越。 Bigger is better.越大越好。 16 x 11 is a good medium size. 16 × 11是一个很好的中等规模的。 Generally people regret not making the pond larger when they are done with their first one.通常人们遗憾地不作出水池较大时，他们做了他们的第一个。

Location: There is a tendency to put ponds in a place where water already collects in the yard.地点：有一种倾向，把池塘，在一个地方，水已经收集在院子里。 This isnt always the best idea.这isn't总是最好的主意。 Groundwater running into the pond can create problems.地下水，只好到池塘，可以产生问题。 If possible bring it right up near the patio where you can enjoy the fish and flowing water everyday.可能的话，把它右了近天井这里您可以尽情享受鱼和流水日常生活。

Electric and plumbing: Dont overlook the need for a GFI outlet near the pump and a water source to keep the pond topped off.电气和管道： dont忽视需要一个gfi的插座靠近泵和水源，以保持池塘达到小康。 Most kits for some reason dont include a fill valve, but it really is important since on a windy day a pond can easily lose an inch of water.最袋出于某种原因dont包括填补阀，但它确实很重要，因为在一个大风天的一个池塘，很容易失去一英寸的水。 Left unattended this can lead to the pump running dry in the skimmer for a long period causing possible damage.无人看管这可能会导致该泵运行干在skimmer在相当长的时期，可能造成的损害。 The ponds level of course wont drop below the skimmer opening.池塘中的水平，当然wont跌破skimmer开幕。

Lets go over the basic steps for installing this type of pond system.允许重复的基本步骤，以安装这种类型的池塘系统。

Decide the size of the pond and order a kit with all the necessary components.决定大小池塘和秩序的一个工具包以及所有必要的组件。 Layout the shape of the pond with something like a garden hose.布局形态池塘东西就像一个花园软管。 Leave it out there for a while, move it, think about where the falls and different plants will be.离开它，有一段时间，移动它，想想如果属于不同的植物会。 If you are building a stream do the layout for it too.如果你正在建设一个流做布局的，它太。 Level ground isnt a problem since you will be excavating enough soil to buildup around your waterfall filter.平地isn't一个问题，因为你将开挖足够的土壤，以建设围绕你的瀑布过滤器。 Paint an outline with orange marking spray paint.油漆大纲与橙标记喷漆。

Make arrangements for getting the variety of rock and gravel you will be using.作出安排，让各种各样的岩石和砾石，你便可以使用。

Position your skimmer and BioFilter. The skimmer should be on the opposite side from the falls or stream to create circulation.该skimmer应该对对方从瀑布或溪流创造流通。 Then lay the flexible PVC, or kink-free pipe between the skimmer and waterfall filter.然后奠定软质聚氯乙烯，或扭免费管之间skimmer和瀑布过滤器。 This is so it can be covered during excavation instead of trenching it in.这是它可以覆盖在开挖而不是挖坑进

Establish a firm compacted and level base for the Waterfall filter, perhaps leaning slightly forward, depending on its design.树立坚定的压实和水平奠定了基础瀑布过滤器，也许稍微偏了，这取决于它的设计。 If you have help they can be working on digging the pond while you get this right, or vice versa.如果你有帮助，他们可以工作，挖池塘，而你得到这个权利，反之亦然。

Hook up the plumbing to the filter and backfill around it.钩了水管，以过滤和回填左右。 Its a good idea to have someone stand in the filter while it is being backfilled to prevent it from shifting out of position on the base.它是一个好主意已有人主张在过滤的同时，它正在回填，以防止它移出来的立场基地。

Examine any slope of the land and establish where the water level will be; usually a couple inches below grade.研究任何边坡的土地和建立地方水位将普遍;通常是一对夫妇英寸以下等级。 Finish digging the pond relative to the water level.完成挖池塘相对水位。 A rotating laser level is the ultimate tool for this, though they are expensive to rent.旋转激光水平是最终的手段，虽然他们是昂贵的租金。 Patiently checking string levels in all directions can get the job done also.耐心检查字符串各级四面八方可以做的工作还。 Include shelves for marginal plants and keep the sides and shelves level.包括货架边缘植物，并维持双方的货架上的水平。 The deep part of the pond should be around 2 ft or a little less.深部分的池塘应围绕2英尺还是少一些。 Any deeper and most towns swimming pool codes kick in with fence requirements.任何更深和多数乡镇游泳池码踢在与栅栏的要求。 Unless you intend to keep a great number of koi this will be plenty deep for your fish.除非你打算继续大量koi这将会有很多深为你的鱼。 Planting pockets for water lilies can also be dug now.种植口袋，为睡莲也可挖。 These pockets create a plantable depression in you liner for later.这些口袋创造一个plantable抑郁症在你衬垫后用。 You can either plant directly in these pockets or hide your planters in them covering with gravel creating a more natural looking pond.您可以直接植物在这些口袋或隐瞒你的花槽，在他们采访与砾石创造一个更加自然，寻找池塘。

Excavate the position for the skimmer so it will be on a firm level base that gets it into correct position relative to the water level.挖掘位置，为skimmer因此将可以在一个坚实的基础水平，即得到它纳入正确的立场相对水位。 Recheck everything.复检一切。 All the measurements and levels.所有测量和水平。 Make sure the pond is free of sharp objects and unfold the underlayment into it.确保池塘，是没有任何尖锐的物体，并开展underlayment投入扶贫开发。 Start in the deep area pushing the underlayment into all the shelves and pockets.开始，在深部地区推进underlayment纳入所有货架上和口袋。 The EPDM rubber liner is then installed in the same way, making sure that it extends far past the waterline (settling will occur) and above the openings on your skimmer, filter, stream etc.该三元乙丙橡胶衬垫，然后安装在以同样的方式，保证它延伸至今过去水线（解决将出现）以上的缺口，对你的skimmer ，过滤，流等。

Add rock and gravel.放入岩石和砾石。 Pre-washing the stones can help with a clean install or you can hose them down in the pond while pumping out the dirty water.预洗石头可以帮助一个清洁，安装或者，你可以软管他们失望了，在池塘，而抽水出脏水。 Use larger stones at the base of each wall that forms a shelf, building up with smaller ones.使用较大的石块在该基地的每一个墙，形成了一个棚，建设与必作于细。 Cover flat areas with 1"-2 gravelabsolutely no more than that. If you have extra gravel dont be tempted to just use more in the bottom of your pond. This is for biological reasons I wont go into now. The rock should have your liner pretty well pulled into position now so you can make final adjustments on your skimmer and attach the liner to it according to the manufacturers instructions.封面平坦地区，与1 " -2 gravelabsolutely没有不止于此，如果你有额外的砾石dont受到诱惑而只是用更多的底部你的池塘，这是生物原因，我wont到现在。岩石应该有你的班轮不错拉成现在的立场，所以你可以作出最后的调整对您的skimmer ，并注重班轮给它根据制造商的指示。

Start filling the pond.开始进油池里。 Now the fun of building the waterfall and stream.现在的乐趣建设瀑布与溪流。 Make sure you have plenty of slack running up to the falls opening before you attach it and make any cuts.要确定你有足够的疲弱之势，以瀑布开幕之前，你重视它，并作任何削减。 Also take care to avoid folds in the liner as you twist downstream.也应谨慎行事，避免褶皱班轮正如你捻下游。 Folds in the stream liner are a common source of leaks and why a very wide liner for a stream is recommended.倍流班轮运输是一个共同的来源，漏水以及为什么非常广泛班轮为一个流建议。 Dry stack stones as in a wall up the front of the waterfall filter.干堆石头在墙上了前面的瀑布过滤器。 Using black waterfall foam or some other type of expanding foam to seal the space between the rocks.用黑色的瀑布泡沫或一些其他类型的扩大泡沫密封空间之间的岩石。 This makes the water flow over the rocks instead of disappearing into the cracks between.这使得水流量超过岩石而不是消失在裂缝之间。 Black waterfall foam is nice for blending in with the rocks.黑瀑布喷雾是不错，在勾兑与岩石。 The basic outline of the stream should have been established with excavated soil from the pond, but some digging of different catch pools may be necessary and you may need to build up more of a berm at the waterfall.基本的轮廓流应该已经建立了与挖掘的土壤，从池塘的，但有些挖不同赶上泳池可能是必要的，你可能需要建立更多的是护堤瀑布。 Rock in the sides of the stream and cover the bottom with gravel as in the pond.岩两侧流，并涵盖底部与砾石如同池塘。 Use the waterfall foam to seal in rocks wherever a cascading effect is wanted, using flat rock to form the lip of falls and sealing under them.利用瀑布泡沫密封在岩凡是级联效应是想利用单位的岩石组成，唇的瀑布和密封下。

Install the pump, install the overflow plumbing and fill valve in the skimmer.安装水泵，安装溢流水管和阀门填补在skimmer 。 When water level is high enough and all the waterfall foam is dry, (you can assume your hands will be covered with the stuff, but try to avoid it because it is very difficult to clean off!) try out the pump.当水位不够高，和所有的瀑布泡沫是干， （你可以假设你的手会被覆盖着的东西，但应尽量避免，因为这是很难清洁起飞！ ）尝试出泵。 You will then need to refill the pond as it will take a large volume of water to fill the plumbing, falls and stream.你便要粮池塘，因为它会采取一个大耗水量，以填补水管，瀑布和溪流。 Once you are happy everything is as it should be, cut the excess liner away.当你快乐的一切是应该的，削减过剩班轮运输距离。 Leave several inches of liner for settling and possible adjustments.离开几英寸的班轮运输，为解决和可能的调整。

There are plenty more nuances to building a pond but this should give you a decent feel for what a water garden project entails.我们有很多更细微差别，以建设一个池塘但也应该给你一个体面的感觉如何，一个水园计划的内容。 The kits we sell include a decent installation manual and Im happy to answer any questions as are many other pond enthusiasts.这套教材我们卖包括一个像样的安装使用手册和im乐意回答任何问题，因为很多其他的池塘爱好者。

A garden center manager, writer, builder of water gardens, musician and webmaster; Lee Goins is often called on as an expert in landscaping and gardening.花园中心经理，作家，建设者的水花园，音乐家和管理员;李goins是通常被称为是对作为一个专家在园林和园艺。 Lee's site http://www.thegardenaquatic.com/ " target=_new>The Garden Aquatic offers products and advice to make water gardening easier. His garden and landscaping site is http://www.shelbylandscaping.com " target=_new> http://www.shelbylandscaping.com.李的地盘http://www.thegardenaquatic.com/ "目标= _new >花园水产品提供的产品和咨询，使水园艺容易，他的园林和环境美化站点是http://www.shelbylandscaping.com "目标= _new > http://www.shelbylandscaping.com 。